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Technology selection

Choosing the Right Suppression Approach

Suppression technology should be selected around the specific hazard, enclosure, occupancy, available space, piping constraints, operating requirements, applicable standards, and project-specific approval needs.

Selection starts with the hazard

Match the approach to the hazard and the project

The suppression approach should be selected for the specific hazard and project conditions rather than chosen from a single general preference. FK-5-1-12 is an engineered total-flooding system, and its suitability depends on the conditions of the protected space.

A final recommendation requires project-specific review. This page is intended to support informed early-stage evaluation, not to replace hazard analysis or system engineering.

FK-5-1-12 suitability

FK-5-1-12 may be considered where

Electrically non-conductive protection is required
Avoiding suppression-agent residue is important
Available storage space is limited
The hazard and enclosure can be protected within the approved system design method
The required configuration is released and acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction

Final selection requires project-specific review using the current controlled system documentation.

Piping & distribution

Piping and distribution considerations

Pipe routes, equivalent lengths, nozzle locations, design pressure, discharge requirements, and hydraulic limitations must be evaluated using the approved design method and current controlled system documentation.

Enclosure & pressure

Total-flooding systems require enclosure review

Enclosure integrity
Leakage
Hold-time requirements where applicable
Door and damper coordination
Shutdowns
Pressure effects
Pressure-relief venting evaluation
Post-discharge ventilation
Enclosure-pressure effects must be evaluated. Total-flooding systems require enclosure-integrity evaluation and, where applicable, pressure-relief venting sized for the discharge and the protected space.
Occupied-space considerations

Occupied-space suitability is evaluated per project

Occupied-space suitability depends on:

Design concentration
Exposure duration
Pre-discharge alarms
Time delay
Egress
Manual release
Abort provisions where permitted
Room access
Warning signs
Ventilation
Applicable NFPA 2001 requirements
System listing or approval
AHJ requirements
A total-flooding system should not be described as unconditionally safe for occupied spaces. Occupied-space use requires a project-specific evaluation of concentration, exposure, egress, alarms, operating sequence, and applicable personnel-safety requirements.
Application examples

Considerations by application

The appropriate approach depends on the enclosure, storage-space availability, piping arrangement, occupied-space conditions, approvals, and owner requirements. The categories below indicate considerations, not a mandatory approach.

Data centers & telecommunications
Electrical & control rooms
Archives & records
Museums & cultural collections
Industrial control spaces
Critical infrastructure
High-value storage
Laboratories
Transportation & signaling facilities
Complex or distributed hazards

These categories are illustrative. No single approach is mandatory for a particular industry; selection follows the project-specific hazard, enclosure, configuration, and approval requirements.

Decision process

A disciplined selection process

  1. Define the hazard and fuels.
  2. Confirm enclosure and occupancy conditions.
  3. Establish applicable design criteria.
  4. Review storage space and piping constraints.
  5. Evaluate pressure relief, shutdowns, and operating sequence.
  6. Confirm configuration-specific approval requirements.
  7. Compare lifecycle and maintenance considerations.
  8. Document the selection basis through qualified engineering review.
The website does not complete this analysis. Final selection is completed through a project-specific engineering review by qualified system designers.
Approval & certification

Selection must consider approval status

Approval & certification considerations

Approval status varies by system configuration, and may vary by container size, working pressure, component, arrangement, and jurisdiction. Approval of one configuration does not automatically extend to another. Selection must consider the specific system configuration that is listed, approved, released, and acceptable for the project jurisdiction; project specifications and AHJ requirements must be confirmed.

View approval and certification status View available documents
Documents

Released documents and engineering support

Public technical documents are provided through the controlled document library. Only current, released records are displayed.

FK-5-1-12 System Design, Operation, Installation, and Maintenance Manual
Document numberDN-FK-DIOMMVersion1.00Issue dateMay 2026
View document library Hydraulic-calculation software is controlled and is not provided as a public download.
Need help selecting a suppression approach?
Share the hazard, enclosure, occupancy, storage-space constraints, piping information, project requirements, and approval needs with the DueNorth team for application guidance.